Njengenxalenye engundoqo yoqeqesho lwamandla lwesithuthi kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa ulwelo, ukuthembeka kwemibhobho ezenzekelayo kunefuthe ngokuthe ngqo kukhuseleko lwesithuthi kunye nobomi benkonzo. Njengoko ishishini leemoto langoku liguqukela ekuchanekeni okuphezulu kunye nokuntsonkotha okukhulu, ukulungiswa kwemibhobho kuye kwavela ekutshintsheni okulula ukuya kwiprojekthi ecwangcisiweyo edibanisa izixhobo zesayensi, ubuchwephesha bolwelo, kunye nobuchwephesha bomatshini obuchanekileyo. Eli nqaku lichaza ngokucwangcisiweyo iindlela zobuchwephesha kunye namava asebenzayo okulungiswa kwe-autopipe kwiimbono zokuxilongwa kwempazamo, iindlela zokulungisa, ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokulawula umgangatho.
I. Iintlobo zeMposiso eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuxilonga
Ukusilela okuqhelekileyo kombhobho ozenzekelayo kubonakala njengokuvuza, ukuvaleka, iintanda, kunye nokusilela kwesinxibelelanisi. Imigca yepetroli ithanda ukuvuza ukudumba kwerabha ngenxa yexesha elide{1}}lokuchaphazeleka kumphunga wepetroli ixesha elide, ngelixa imigca yeoyile{2} yoxinzelelo oluphezulu inokuchaphazeleka kukuqhekeka kwesinyithi ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-pulsed. Imibhobho yesixokelelwano sokupholisa isoloko ifumana isiphumo sokuthokoza okubangelwa zidipozithi zesikali, ngelixa imigca yokuqhawuka, ngenxa yokuncipha kwedayamitha yangaphakathi ebangelwa kukuhlwa, ihlala ikhokelele ekulahlekeni kwamandla ebraking. Itekhnoloji yanamhlanje yokuxilonga igqithise imida yokuhlola okubonakalayo kwendabuko. Izinzwa zoxinzelelo lwedijithali ziyakwazi ukubona ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho oluhlukeneyo loxinzelelo oluphantsi njenge-0.1 MPa. Iikhamera ze-infrared thermal imaging ziyakwazi ukufumana i-anomalies yobushushu kwiindawo ezifihlakeleyo. Ii-Endoscopes ezidityaniswe netracer ze-fluorescent zonyuse izinga lokubhaqwa kwee-microcracks ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-92%. Kwimeko yokulungisa ebandakanya uphawu lwaseJamani, uhlalutyo lwe-spectrum vibration lufumene ngempumelelo umthombo wokudinwa kokuphuka kumbhobho we-oyile we-aluminiyam obangelwa yi-bracket resonance.
II. Ukuphunyezwa koBuchwepheshe boBulungisa obuKhethekileyo
Izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa ziyafuneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempazamo. Kwimibhobho yentsimbi yendawo, emva kokususa icandelo elonakeleyo usebenzisa ukusika i-plasma, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuvutha zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa amajoyina okuphela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufana kodonga lwe-welds entsha edibeneyo ingaphakathi kwe-0.15 mm. Xa kutshintshwa iindibano zethumbu, itorque yokulayisha kwangaphambili echazwe ngumvelisi (idla ngokuba yi-25{4}}35 N·m) kufuneka ithotyelwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye i-torque wrench kufuneka isetyenziselwe uqinisekiso lwe-engile ezimbini{6}}. Ukulungiswa kwemibhobho yeoli enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kulawulo lococeko. Indawo yokulungisa kufuneka ihlangabezane ne-ISO 14644-1 imigangatho yokucoceka kweklasi ye-7, kunye nokucocwa kwe-ultrasonic kunye nesisombululo sotywala se-isopropyl kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuhlanganisana. Incwadi yokugcina yenkampani entsha yemoto yamandla igxininisa ngokukodwa ukuba emva kokulungiswa, imigca yokupholisa kufuneka ihlaziywe ngoxinzelelo lwe-1.5 amaxesha oxinzelelo lokusebenza (ubuncinci imizuzu eyi-15), kwaye ukuhla koxinzelelo akufanele kudlule i-3% yexabiso lokuqala.
III. Inzululwazi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye noKhetho oluhambelanayo
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokulungisa kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kokulungisa kunye nobomi benkonzo. Izitywina zeFluororubber (FKM) ziyacetyiswa kwiinkqubo zamafutha, njengoko zibonelela ngoluhlu lokuxhathisa ubushushu ukusuka -20℃ukuya 200℃kunye nokumelana okugqwesileyo ukudumba kwi-ethanol{6}}amafutha adityanisiweyo. I-Inconel 625 alloy ikhethwa kwindawo{9}}zobushushu obuphezulu (ezifana nemigca ye-turbocharger), njengoko igcina amandla agqwesileyo okurhubuluza nakwi-850 degree. Kubuchwephesha banamhlanje bokulungisa, i-carbon fibre{11}}i-epoxy resin eyomeleziweyo isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ukulungisa ukugquma kombhobho wokukhupha owonakalisiweyo. I-thermal conductivity yayo yinto enye kuphela yesibhozo kwizinto zemveli ze-asbestos, ngelixa amandla alo anamandla angaphezu kwamaxesha amathathu aphezulu. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izinto ze-welding zemibhobho yentsimbi eyahlukeneyo kufuneka zihambelane ngokungqongqo. Ngokomzekelo, iipayipi ze-aluminium alloy kufuneka zisebenzise i-ER4043 yocingo lwe-welding kunye ne-argon shielded welding, kunye ne-welding yangoku elawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-120-150A uluhlu.
IV. UQinisekiso loMgangatho kunye noLondolozo loThintelo
Kufuneka inkqubo yokuhlola ebanzi- ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wogcino. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo kufuneka luqhutywe ngendlela ye-tiered, ngokuqala ngokujonga ukuvuza kokuqala kwi-1.2 amaxesha oxinzelelo lokusebenza, ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe kwanda ukuya kwi-90% yomda woxinzelelo loyilo. Isikhangeli sokuvuza se-hydrogen mass spectrometer siyacetyiswa ukuze kubonwe ukuvuza, kunye nesantya esibonwayo sokuvuza esisi-5 × 10⁻¹² Pa·m³/s. Ukugcinwa kokuthintela, kucetyiswa ukuba uvavanye inkqubo yokupholisa i-pH rhoqo ngeekhilomitha ezingama-20,000 (ngokufanelekileyo phakathi koluhlu lwe-7.5 - 8.5). Kufuneka ukutshintshwa okupheleleyo kwesipholisi xa i-conductivity idlula i-3000 μS/cm. Emva kokuphumeza inkqubo "ezintathu{16}}zolondolozo," enye inqwelo mafutha yezorhwebo yabona ukucuthwa kwamazinga okusilela anxulumene nemibhobho nge-67%. Amanyathelo angundoqo aquka uhlolo olubonakalayo lwenyanga lwe-clamp tightness, ukujonga indawo ngekota kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kusetyenziswa i-borescope, kunye nokutshintshwa kwazo zonke izitywini zerabha endaweni yazo.
Ngokufakelwa kombane okukhawulezileyo kwezithuthi, ukugcinwa kokugqunyelelwa kwemibhobho yokupholisa yenkqubo yokupholisa yombane ephezulu{{0}yevoltage yombane ibe libala elivelayo. Abasebenzi bezogcino akufuneki baqonde izakhono zesiqhelo zokulungisa oomatshini kodwa bakwaqhelane{2}}neenkqubo zokhuseleko lombane ophezulu (ezifana nokunxiba izixhobo zokhuselo ze-CAT III). Kwixesha elizayo, iinkqubo zoqikelelo lwemeko yombhobho ezisekwe kubuchwepheshe obungamawele edijithali ziya kuphucula ngakumbi ukuchaneka kogcino. Ngokusebenzisa i-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini ebeka esweni uxinzelelo lwamanzi, ubushushu, kunye nedatha yokungcangcazela ngexesha langempela, banokubonelela ngesilumkiso sangethuba malunga nokusilela okunokwenzeka kwiintsuku ezili-14-21 kwangaphambili. Iinkampani zogcino lwezobuchwephesha kufuneka ziseke amaqonga olondolozo lwedijithali aquka ugcino-lwazi lwemathiriyeli, iilayibrari zenkqubo yeeparamitha, kunye neziseko zolwazi lwamatyala. Le yindlela yophuhliso engenakuphepheka yokuphucula umgangatho wokulondoloza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
